The Woman from the Subcontinent Who First Performed Hajj

In 1863, Nawab Sikandar Begum, the ruler of the princely state of Bhopal, embarked on a journey that made history. She became the first Indian monarch to perform Hajj.

A Perilous Journey

At that time, the journey was fraught with danger—storms at sea, Bedouin raids, and disease. Yet, her determination was unshakable. She traveled with a retinue of 1,000 people, including her mother and daughter.

Documenting the Hajj

Sikandar Begum was a keen observer and writer. She authored a memoir, A Pilgrimage to Mecca, which provides a rare and detailed account of the Hajj experience in the 19th century. Her writings offer improved insights into the social and political conditions of the Hejaz.

Contributions to the Holy Cities

She was not just a pilgrim but a patron. She distributed generous alms and commissioned the cleaning and restoration of religious sites.

A Legacy of Female Leadership

The Begums of Bhopal were known for their strong, enlightened rule. Sikandar Begum's Hajj journey exemplifies the courage and piety of Muslim women leaders throughout history.